The role of sign in students' modeling of scalar equations

We describe students revising the mathematical form of physics equations to match the physical situation they are describing, even though their revision violates physical laws. In an unfamiliar air resistance problem, a majority of students in a sophomore level mechanics class at some point wrote Newton's Second Law as F = -ma; they were using this form to ensure that the sign of the force pointed in a direction consistent with the chosen coordinate system while assuming that some variables have only positive value. We use one student's detailed explanation to suggest that students' issues with variables are context-dependent, and that much of their reasoning is useful for productive instruction.Comment: 5 pages, 1 figure, to be published in The Physics Teache

Coconut (Cocos nucifera) Inflorescence Sap Nutritional Characteristics and Health Effects

Coconut is widely known as the tree of life. Every part of the tree is useful and therefore, coconut palm is an important economic crop of the local people. Neera is the exudate obtained from the unopened inflorescence of coconut palm (Cocos nucifera). It is healthy and therapeutic drink since it is rich in Vitamin C, has more food calories than milk, fights diabetes, cancer, electrolyte deficiency and even hair fall. Neera is rich in minerals and vitamins and it contains glucamic acid necessary for protein synthesis. It aids in digestion health. Neera contains vitamins (A and C), which have anti - oxidant properties thereby preventing damage or death of cells. Neera contains acids nicotinic acid and riboflavin and also can be consumed by people suffering from diabetes since it has a low glycemic index and a low glycemic load. In the study discuss about chemical composition including total sugar, reducing sugar, ethanol and vitamins

Nefroblastom u kuje - prikaz slučaja.

A nine year old, intact female German shepherd dog was presented with the complaint of melena. The dog was anorectic, lethargic and cachectic. Physical examination and radiography revealed the presence of a large mid-dorsal intra-abdominal mass. Laboratory findings and diagnostic ultrasound marked the suspicious involvement of the right kidney. Renal neoplasm was suspected and an exploratory celiotomy was done. The mass was spread over the sublumbar region and was found to have originated from the right kidney. Excision of the tumor mass, along with unilateral nephrectomy, was done and the surgical recovery was uneventful. Histopathological examination led to the diagnosis of stage ΙΙΙ renal nephroblastoma with unfavorable histology. The potential clinical and pathological manifestations of canine renal nephroblastoma in an adult dog have been documented.Opisan je nefroblastom devetogodišnje njemačke ovčarke s melenom. Kuja je bila anoreksična, letargična i kahektična. Fizikalnom pretragom i radiografijom u kuje je ustanovljena velika masa u srednjem dorzalnom dijelu trbuha. Laboratorijskom i ultrazvučnom pretragom ustanovljene su promjene na desnom bubregu. Postavljena je sumnja na pojavu novotvorine na bubregu te je učinjena dijagnostička celiotomija. Masa se proširila na podslabinsko područje, a potjecala je od desnog bubrega. Tumorska masa bila je uklonjena kirurški s unilateralnom nefrektomijom. Patohistološkom pretragom postavljena je dijagnoza nefroblastoma III. stupnja s nepovoljnim histološkim nalazom. U radu je opisano kliničko i patološko očitivanje nefroblastoma u odrasle kuje

Impact of Breathing Phase, Liver Segment, and Prandial State on Ultrasound Shear Wave Speed, Shear Wave Dispersion, and Attenuation Imaging of the Liver in Healthy Volunteers

OBJECTIVES: Measurement location and patient state can impact noninvasive liver assessment and change clinical staging in ultrasound examinations. Research into differences exists for Shear Wave Speed (SWS) and Attenuation Imaging (ATI), but not for Shear Wave Dispersion (SWD). The aim of this study is to assess the effect of breathing phase, liver lobe, and prandial state on SWS, SWD, and ATI ultrasound measurements. METHODS: Two experienced examiners performed SWS, SWD, and ATI measurements in 20 healthy volunteers using a Canon Aplio i800 system. Measurements were taken in the recommended condition (right lobe, following expiration, fasting state), as well as (a) following inspiration, (b) in the left lobe, and (c) in a nonfasting state. RESULTS: SWS and SWD measurements were strongly correlated (r = 0.805, p < 0.001). Mean SWS was 1.34 ± 0.13 m/s in the recommended measurement position and did not change significantly under any condition. Mean SWD was 10.81 ± 2.05 m/s/kHz in the standard condition and significantly increased to 12.18 ± 1.41 m/s/kHz in the left lobe. Individual SWD measurements in the left lobe also had the highest average coefficient of variation (19.68%). No significant differences were found for ATI. CONCLUSION: Breathing and prandial state did not significantly affect SWS, SWD, and ATI values. SWS and SWD measurements were strongly correlated. SWD measurements in the left lobe showed a higher individual measurement variability. Interobserver agreement was moderate to good

Impact of Breathing Phase, Liver Segment, and Prandial State on Ultrasound Shear Wave Speed, Shear Wave Dispersion, and Attenuation Imaging of the Liver in Healthy Volunteers.

OBJECTIVES Measurement location and patient state can impact noninvasive liver assessment and change clinical staging in ultrasound examinations. Research into differences exists for Shear Wave Speed (SWS) and Attenuation Imaging (ATI), but not for Shear Wave Dispersion (SWD). The aim of this study is to assess the effect of breathing phase, liver lobe, and prandial state on SWS, SWD, and ATI ultrasound measurements. METHODS Two experienced examiners performed SWS, SWD, and ATI measurements in 20 healthy volunteers using a Canon Aplio i800 system. Measurements were taken in the recommended condition (right lobe, following expiration, fasting state), as well as (a) following inspiration, (b) in the left lobe, and (c) in a nonfasting state. RESULTS SWS and SWD measurements were strongly correlated (r = 0.805, p < 0.001). Mean SWS was 1.34 ± 0.13 m/s in the recommended measurement position and did not change significantly under any condition. Mean SWD was 10.81 ± 2.05 m/s/kHz in the standard condition and significantly increased to 12.18 ± 1.41 m/s/kHz in the left lobe. Individual SWD measurements in the left lobe also had the highest average coefficient of variation (19.68%). No significant differences were found for ATI. CONCLUSION Breathing and prandial state did not significantly affect SWS, SWD, and ATI values. SWS and SWD measurements were strongly correlated. SWD measurements in the left lobe showed a higher individual measurement variability. Interobserver agreement was moderate to good

Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Melalui Desa Wisata Berbasis Pertanian

Community Service Program (Kuliah Kerja Nyata) is a form of devotion, awareness, and responsibility to society. This program aims to contribute in implementations from Tri Dharma of University and  learning tools to increase the empathy and ability of the students to understand the reality and all the problems who grow and thrive in society. This report made by society 5.0 concept which uses modern technology such as internet, conference video, and any other mobile tools, for both in the implementation of the programs and the data collecting process. This report uses 2 types of data, those are primary data and secondary data. The result of this program are in form of 1 report, 2 e-books and 2 videos in regard to tourism potency and the cultivation of brown rice in Desa Balong. This program could be used for improving public’s knowledge especially for the citizen in Desa Balong in order to develop and utilize the potency and all the natural resources there refers to the scientific paper that generated by this program

Collaboration scripts - a conceptual analysis

This article presents a conceptual analysis of collaboration scripts used in face-to-face and computer-mediated collaborative learning. Collaboration scripts are scaffolds that aim to improve collaboration through structuring the interactive processes between two or more learning partners. Collaboration scripts consist of at least five components: (a) learning objectives, (b) type of activities, (c) sequencing, (d) role distribution, and (e) type of representation. These components serve as a basis for comparing prototypical collaboration script approaches for face-to-face vs. computer-mediated learning. As our analysis reveals, collaboration scripts for face-to-face learning often focus on supporting collaborators in engaging in activities that are specifically related to individual knowledge acquisition. Scripts for computer-mediated collaboration are typically concerned with facilitating communicative-coordinative processes that occur among group members. The two lines of research can be consolidated to facilitate the design of collaboration scripts, which both support participation and coordination, as well as induce learning activities closely related to individual knowledge acquisition and metacognition. In addition, research on collaboration scripts needs to consider the learners’ internal collaboration scripts as a further determinant of collaboration behavior. The article closes with the presentation of a conceptual framework incorporating both external and internal collaboration scripts